Effects of seed furrow liquid spraying device on sowing quality and seedling growth of maize

Wenjun Wang, Wanpeng Wang, Honglei Jia, Jian Zhuang, Qi Wang

Abstract


The two cultivation patterns, no-tillage and ridge cultivation, are widely used in maize planting in Northeast China. However, the seed bounce in the falling process and drought seriously at the seedling stage often occur to affect the sowing quality, mean emergence time, percentage of emergence, root biomass, aboveground biomass and root shoot ratio of maize, and eventually reduces the grain yield. To solve the problems, a seed furrow liquid spraying device was designed and thereby the effects of spraying water volumes [0 L/m (V0), 0.6 L/m (V1), 1.2 L/m (V2) and 1.8 L/m (V3)] and nozzle types [conical nozzle (N1) and sectorial nozzle (N2)] on the sowing quality and seedling growth of maize were studied. The water volume and nozzle type had significant effects on the sowing quality (QR, CV, LD), not seedling growth (MET, PE, RB, AB, RSR) (p<0.05). Spraying water into seed furrow further humidified the soils around the maize seeds, effectively suppressing the bounce and rolling of seed and significantly promoting the growth and development of seeds. The sowing quality in the N2 treatment was significantly better than that in the N1 treatment. The qualified rate of seed spacing was increased with the increase of the water volume (V3 > V2 > V1 > V0). However, the variability coefficient of seed spacing and lateral deviation of seed position were the opposite. The larger spraying water volume led to shorter mean emergence time (V0 > V1 > V2 > V3) and higher percentage of emergence (V3 > V2 > V1 > V0). The root biomass and aboveground biomass increased significantly with the enlargement of spraying water volume. Under different water volumes, the root shoot ratio differed significantly. The plants in the V1, V2 and V3 treatments had lower root shoot ratios compared with the V0 treatment. The increase of spraying water volume significantly reduced the root shoot ratio. The seed furrow liquid spraying device provides a reference for improving sowing quality and promoting seedling growth.
Keywords: seed bounce, drought, spraying water volume, nozzle type, seed spacing uniformity, root shoot ratio
DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20191202.3799

Citation: Wang W J, Wang W P, Jia H L, Zhuang J, Wang Q. Effects of seed furrow liquid spraying device on sowing quality and seedling growth of maize. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2019; 12(2): 68–74.

Keywords


seed bounce, drought, spraying water volume, nozzle type, seed spacing uniformity, root shoot ratio

Full Text:

PDF

References


Yin X G, Wang M, Kong Q X, Wang Z B, Zhang H L, Chu Q Q, et al. Impacts of high temperature on maize production and adaptation measures in Northeast China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2015; 26(1): 186–198.

Liu Z J, Yang X G, Chen F, Wang E L. The effects of past climate change on the northern limits of maize planting in Northeast China. Climatic Change, 2013; 117(4): 891–902.

Moore S H. Uniformity of plant spacing effect on soybean population parameters. Crop science, 1991; 31(4): 1049–1051.

Zhang J Q. Risk assessment of drought disaster in the maize-growing region of Songliao Plain, China. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2004; 102(2): 133–153.

Bai X L, Sun S X, Yang G H, Liu M, Zhang Z P, Qi H. Effect of water stress on maize yield during different growing stages. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2009; 17(2): 60–63.

Qi W, Zhang J W, Wang K J, Liu P, Dong S T. Effects of drought stress on the grain yield and root physiological traits of maize varieties with different drought tolerance. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2010; 21(1): 48–52.

Xu X C, Ge Q S, Zheng J Y, Dai E F, Zhang X Z, He S F, et al. Agricultural drought risk analysis based on three main crops in prefecture-level cities in the monsoon region of east China. Natural Hazards, 2013; 66(2): 1257–1272.

Song X Y, Li L J, Fu G B, Li J Y, Zhang A J, Liu W B, et al. Spatial–temporal variations of spring drought based on spring-composite index values for the Songnen Plain, Northeast China. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 2014; 116(3): 371–384.

Yu X Y, He X Y, Zheng H F, Guo R C, Ren Z B, Zhang D, et al. Spatial and temporal analysis of drought risk during the crop-growing season over northeast China. Natural Hazards, 2014; 71(1): 275–289.

Wiggans R G. The influence of space and arrangement on the production of soybean plants. Agronomy Journal, 1939; 31(4): 314–321.

Hicks D R, Lueschen W E, Ford J H. Effect of Stand Density and Thinning on Soybean. Journal of Production Agriculture, 1990; 3(4): 587–590.

Krall J M, Esechie H A, Raney R J, Clark S, TenEyck G, Lundquist M, Humburg N E, Axthelm L S, Dayton A D and Vanderlip R L. Influence of within-row variability in plant spacing on corn grain yield. Agronomy Journal, 1977; 69(5): 797–799.

Nielsen R L. Effect of plant spacing variability on corn grain yield. Lafayette, USA: Purdue University, 2004.

Zhao Z, Li Y M, Chen J, Xu L Z. Numerical analysis and laboratory testing of seed spacing uniformity performance for vacuum-cylinder precision seeder. Biosystems Engineering, 2010; 106(4): 344–351.

Çakir R. Effect of water stress at different development stages on vegetative and reproductive growth of corn. Field Crops Research, 2004; 89(1): 1–16.

Bai L P, Sui F G, Sun Z H, Ge T D, Lü Y Y, Zhou G S. Effects of soil water stress on morphological development and yield of maize. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2003; 24(7): 1556–1560.

Ji R P, Che Y S, Zhu Y N, Liang T, Feng R, Yu W Y, et al. Impacts of drought stress on the growth and development and grain yield of spring maize in Northeast China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2012; 23(11): 3021–3026.

Voorhees W B, Evans S D, Warnes D D. Effect of preplant wheel traffic on soil compaction, water use, and growth of spring wheat. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1985; 49(1): 215–220.

Gemtos T A, Lellis T H. Effects of soil compaction, water and organic matter contents on emergence and initial plant growth of cotton and sugar beet. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 1997; 66(2): 121–134.

Ma S Q, Wang Q, Zhang T L, Yu H, Xu L P, Ji L L. Response of maize emergence rate and yield to soil water stress in period of seeding emergence and its meteorological assessment in central area of Jilin Province. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2014; 25(2): 451–457.

Mustek J T, Dusek D A. Irrigated corn yield response to water. Trans. ASAE, 1980; 23(1): 92–98.

Zhang R H, Xue J Q, Pu J, Zhao B, Zhang X H, Zheng Y J, et al. Influence of drought stress on plant growth and photosynthetic traits in maize seedlings. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2011; 37(3): 521–528.

Li Q S, Willardson L S, Deng W, Li X J, Liu C J. Crop water deficit estimation and irrigation scheduling in western Jilin province, Northeast China. Agricultural Water Management, 2005; 71(1): 47–60.

Nielsen D C, Vigil M F, Benjamin J G. The variable response of dryland corn yield to soil water content at planting. Agricultural Water Management, 2009; 96(2): 330–336.

Vamerali T, Saccomani M, Bona S, Mosca G, Guarise M, Ganis A. A comparison of root characteristics in relation to nutrient and water stress in two maize hybrids // Roots: The Dynamic Interface between Plants and the Earth. Springer Netherlands, 2003; 157–167.

Niu X L, Hu T T, Liu T T, Wu X, Feng P Y, Liu J, et al. Appropriate partial water stress improving maize root absorbing capacity. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2014; 30(22): 80–86.

Yazar A, Howell T A, Dusek D A, Copeland K S. Evaluation of crop water stress index for LEPA irrigated corn. Irrigation Science, 1999; 18(4): 171–180.

Payero J O, Tarkalson D D, Irmak S, Davison D, Petersen J L. Effect of timing of a deficit-irrigation allocation on corn evapotranspiration, yield, water use efficiency and dry mass. Agricultural Water Management, 2009; 96(10): 1387–1397.

Wang Q, Ma S Q, Xu L P, Yu H, Zhang T L. Indices and modes of spring drought influence on maize seedling growth in Northeast China. Journal of Natural Disasters, 2011; 20(5):141–147.

Ouattar S, Jones R J, Crookston R K. Effect of water deficit during grain filling on the pattern of maize kernel growth and development. Crop Science, 1987; 27(4); 726–730.

Jia H L, Wang W J, Luo X F, Zheng J X, Guo M Z, Zhuang J. Effects of profiling elastic press roller on seedbed properties and soybean emergence under double row ridge cultivation. Soil and Tillage Research, 2016; 162: 34–40.

Celik A, Ozturk I, Way T R. Effects of various planters on emergence and seed distribution uniformity of sunflower. Applied Engineering in Agriculture, 2007; 23 (1): 57–61.

Torquebiau E F, Kwesiga F. Root development in a Sesbania sesban fallow-maize system in Eastern Zambia. Agroforestry Systems, 1996; 34(2): 193–211.

Pirnajmedin F, Majidi M M, Gheysari M. Root and physiological characteristics associated with drought tolerance in Iranian tall fescue. Euphytica, 2015; 202(1): 141–155.

Brown A D, Dexter A R, Chamen W C T, Spoor G. Effect of macro porosity and aggregate size on seed–soil contact. Soil and Tillage Research, 1996; 38(3-4): 203–216.

Kang S, Shi W, Zhang J. An improved water–use efficiency for maize grown under regulated deficit irrigation. Field Crops Research, 2000; 67(3): 207–214.

Magaia E, Arvidsson J, Brito R, Joel A. Maize root development and grain production as affected by soil and water management on a sandy soil in a semi-arid region of southern Mozambique. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Soil & Plant Science, 2016; 66(3): 247–258.

Bonifas K D, Walters D T, Cassman K G, Lindquist J L. Nitrogen supply affects root: shoot ratio in corn and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti). Weed Science, 2005; 53(5): 670–675.

Passioura J B. Roots and drought resistance. Agricultural Water Management, 1983; 7(1-3): 265–280.




Copyright (c) 2019



2023-2026 Copyright IJABE Editing and Publishing Office